Table 1 Neurological functions and disorders associated with DEGs in the offspring’s prefrontal cortex in response to prenatal BPA exposure. The table lists differentially expressed genes in the prefrontal cortex of rat pups exposed prenatally to BPA. The analysis was conducted under two conditions: i) When both male and female pups were combined into one group for each treatment. ii) When each sex of pups was analyzed separately using IPA software. The predicted neurological functions and disorders associated with these BPA-responsive genes were determined. Statistical significance was assessed using Fisher’s exact test, and the resulting P values were reported. A P value < 0.05 is considered as significant
Categories | P value | # DEGs |
|---|---|---|
Both sexes | ||
Neurological diseases and function | ||
- Movement disorders | 5.99E-27 | 137 |
- Cognitive impairment | 3.81E-20 | 99 |
- Autism spectrum disorder or intellectual disability | 1.79E-14 | 81 |
- Neurodevelopmental disorder | 4.34E-14 | 61 |
- Abnormal morphology of neurons | 2.70E-13 | 59 |
Nervous system development and function | ||
- Morphogenesis of neurons | 1.46E-18 | 86 |
- Neuritogenesis | 8.09E-17 | 82 |
- Development of cerebral cortex | 4.60E-12 | 29 |
- Morphology of forebrain | 8.94E-12 | 33 |
- Morphology of cerebral cortex | 1.30E-09 | 29 |
Behaviors | ||
- Learning | 1.11E-10 | 48 |
- Cognition | 1.14E-10 | 51 |
- Memory | 2.71E-09 | 34 |
- Spatial learning | 1.18E-07 | 23 |
- Locomotion | 2.29E-07 | 34 |
Male | ||
Neurological diseases and function | ||
- Cognitive impairment | 4.79E-74 | 551 |
- Movement disorders | 7.84E-67 | 691 |
- Autism spectrum disorder or intellectual disability | 2.09E-64 | 488 |
- Mental retardation | 1.04E-53 | 398 |
- Neurodevelopmental disorder | 1.13E-46 | 325 |
Nervous system development and function | ||
- Morphogenesis of neurons | 1.92E-79 | 497 |
- Neuritogenesis | 5.60E-78 | 490 |
- Branching of neurites | 9.24E-40 | 238 |
- Development of cerebral cortex | 1.47E-27 | 120 |
- Morphology of cerebral cortex | 7.78E-26 | 137 |
Behaviors | ||
- Cognition | 2.58E-29 | 265 |
- Learning | 1.04E-28 | 245 |
- Locomotion | 1.08E-23 | 188 |
- Emotional behavior | 1.52E-19 | 156 |
- Spatial learning | 3.60E-18 | 106 |
Female | ||
Neurological diseases and function | ||
- Movement disorders | 1.65E-72 | 726 |
- Cognitive impairment | 1.99E-65 | 547 |
- Autism spectrum disorder or intellectual disability | 8.14E-47 | 460 |
- Abnormal morphology of neurons | 4.16E-44 | 325 |
- Epilepsy or neurodevelopmental disorder | 3.34E-43 | 447 |
Nervous system development and function | ||
- Morphogenesis of neurons | 2.10E-93 | 536 |
- Neuritogenesis | 5.42E-92 | 529 |
- Branching of neurites | 3.32E-36 | 237 |
- Morphology of cerebral cortex | 1.81E-21 | 132 |
- Morphology of forebrain | 4.84E-21 | 135 |
Behaviors | ||
- Cognition | 2.37E-46 | 311 |
- Learning | 3.05E-42 | 282 |
- Memory | 1.10E-27 | 178 |
- Locomotion | 1.20E-26 | 200 |
- Spatial learning | 2.55E-18 | 109 |