Fig. 2

Widespread sex differences in cell type-specific transcriptomes and proportions of cells in the anemonefish forebrain. (A) UMAP plot indicating the number of sex-DEGs by child cluster. Only clusters that were significantly enriched for sex-DEGs are shown. (B) Bar plot showing the number of sex-DEGs per cluster. Asterisks indicate clusters that were significantly enriched for sex-DEGs, also shown in panel A. Red filled portions of the bars show the number of sex-DEGs that were upregulated in females compared to males. Blue filled portions show the number of sex-DEGs that were upregulated in males compared to females. (C) UMAP plot showing sex differences in cluster proportions. Sex differences in proportion are presented as percent change from male to female. Only clusters that showed a significant proportion difference (q < 0.05) are colored. Eleven of 48 clusters (representing 27% of all cells) differed in proportion between sexes. D-E) The percentage of nuclei in parent cluster 2 and child cluster 2a in individual males and females are shown, females displayed higher percentages than males. F) In cluster 2a, average CytoTRACE scores (across all nuclei within individuals) were greater (indicating relatively less mature) in males than females. G) Within 2a, CytoTRACE scores indicated 2a.1 as the more differentiated/mature subcluster and 2a.2 as the less differentiated and more immature subcluster within 2a. H) The relatively mature subcluster 2a.1 was approximately twice as abundant in females than males. I) The relatively immature subcluster 2a.2 was similar in abundance between males and females. * above the bars indicates significance at q < 0.05