Fig. 6

Prioritize DNAm signals exhibiting cancer-related sex amplification effects. a The number of cancer-related DMPs exhibiting the sex amplification effects (right, histogram). No significant opposite effects between sexes were identified. Proportions of X-linked and autosomal DMPs for sex-shared effects, female-amplifiers, and male-amplifiers (left). b Cancer sharing profile of sex-shared effects, female-amplifiers, and male-amplifiers. c Enrichment of genomic functional elements (CGI regions, genomic features, and cCRE regions) for sex-shared effects and sex-amplifiers. The signed odds ratios are labeled in colors (two-sided: hypermethylated and hypomethylated). Significant FDR-corrected P-values are indicated (*FDR < 0.05). d Sex-specific TFBS enrichment for sex-shared DMPs and sex-amplifiers. The TFs that were sex-specifically enriched in cancers are depicted (top). The TFBS enrichment profiles for each cancer are shown (bottom). The red words represent TFs with female-specific TFBSs enrichment, blue words represent TFs with male-specific TFBSs enrichment, and black words represent TFs with sex-biased TFBSs enrichment. The signed odds ratios are labeled in colors (two-sided: hypermethylated and hypomethylated). Significant FDR-corrected P-values are indicated (*FDR < 0.05). e The heatmaps illustrate the top three significantly estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for each cancer, which are associated with overall survival. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. CGI CpG island, cCREs candidate cis-regulatory elements, TFBSs transcription factor binding sites