Fig. 3

DR stimulation increased activation of female B cells. A CD86 expression on B cells from women and men after 24 h in mixed PBMC culture, with and without stimulation by A68930 (A, 10^–7 M) or Ropinirole (R, 10^–6 M) measured via flow cytometry; stimulated samples are normalized to unstimulated control; n = 13–14 per group. Basal levels are presented in Supplementary Fig. 4A. B Representative flow cytometry plots of complete and CD14⁺ monocyte-depleted PBMCs. C CD86 expression on B cells from women and men after 24 h in monocyte-depleted PBMC culture, with and without stimulation by A68930 (A, 10^–7 M) or Ropinirole (R, 10^–6 M) measured via flow cytometry; stimulated samples are normalized to unstimulated control; n = 7–8 per group. D Gating strategy for B cell subsets (1, naïve B cells: IgD⁺CD27-; 2, marginal zone-like B cells: IgD⁺CD27⁺; switched memory B cells: IgD⁻CD27⁺). E CD86 expression on naïve, marginal zone-like, and switched memory B cells from women and men after stimulation of mixed PBMCs with A68930 (A, 10^–7 M) or Ropinirole (R, 10^–6 M) for 24 h normalized to unstimulated control measured via flow cytometry; n = 13–14 per group. Mann–Whitney test was used for testing statistical significance between unpaired data of women and men. Wilcoxon test was used for the comparison of paired data including unstimulated vs. stimulated samples; *p ≤ 0.05, ***p ≤ 0.001