Fig. 4
From: ERβ mediates sex-specific protection in the App-NL-G-F mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
ERβ activation modulates microglia activation in a sex-specific manner in AppNL−G−F mice. A Representative immunofluorescence images of male AppNL−G−F hippocampus stained with the amyloid stain AmyloGlo (magenta), Iba1 (green), and CD68 (white) after vehicle or LY treatment. Yellow dotted area (left) indicates magnified region of interest (right). Arrowheads indicate microglia with lower CD68 levels. Scale bar 100 µm (left) and 50 µm (right). Quantification in male AppNL−G−F mice of B number of Iba1 cells per 100 µm2 (n = 5–6), C percent CD68 +, Iba1 + double positive cells (n = 4–5), and D percent microglia within 20 µm radius of plaque edge (n = 5–6). E Representative immunofluorescence images of female AppNL−G−F hippocampus stained with AmyloGlo (magenta), Iba1 (green), and CD68 (white) after vehicle or LY treatment, as well as after sham surgery or ovariectomy (OVX). Yellow dotted area (left) indicates magnified region of interest (right). Arrowheads indicate microglia with lower CD68 levels. Scale bar 100 µm (left) and 50 µm (right). Quantification in female AppNL−G−F mice F number of Iba1 cells per 100 µm2 (n = 4), (G percent CD68 +, Iba1 + double positive cells (n = 4), and H percent plaque-associated microglia (n = 4). * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001. Unpaired t-test was used for males and 2-way ANOVA for females followed by uncorrected Fisher’s LSD test for multiple comparisons. Overall significant main effects of treatment are indicated